{"ikmk_id":"706","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Philippus I.","inventory_number":"660","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/permalink\/0\/ID706","publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":65,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/65","publisher_name":"Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-113428","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-113428","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-113428\/ID706","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.instag.geschichte.uni-mainz.de\/"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"65","owner_name":"Mainz, Historisches Seminar, Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-113428","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-113428","owner_www_address":"http:\/\/www.sammlungen.uni-mainz.de\/38.php","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/65","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"666","nominal":"As","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/as","nominal_gnd_id":"","info_de":"Der As; Asses (Mehrzahl). Eigentlich \u201eEiner\u201c bzw. \u201eEinheit\u201c. Bezeichnet im Gewichtssystem des Geldes der r\u00f6mischen Republik das in zw\u00f6lf Unzen (unciae) unterteilte Pfund (libra), mit wechselnden sinkenden Standards (vom obengenannten libralen zum semilibralen, sextanalen und schlie\u00dflich unzialen). Zun\u00e4chst gegossen als Teil des Aes grave, seit dem Ende des 3. Jhs. v. Chr. gepr\u00e4gt. Auch die entsprechende Einheit unteritalischen Schwergeldes wurde als As bezeichnet. Mit der Einf\u00fchrung des Denares (s. dort) kamen erst zehn, dann 16 Asses auf einen solchen. Augustus lie\u00df den As ebenfalls als Kupferm\u00fcnze weiterpr\u00e4gen, lediglich Nero gab ihn kurzfristig in Messing aus. Im Verlauf des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. werden Asses immer seltener gepr\u00e4gt und erscheinen zuletzt unter Aurelianus (reg. 270-275 n. Chr.).","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/nominal\/666"},"date_last":"2022-04-04 08:35:26","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"25","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/25","country_name_de":"Italien","country_name_en":"Italy","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italian_republic","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3175395","ikmk_region_id":"263","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/263","region_name":"Italia","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italy","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"678","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/678","mint_name":"Rom","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/rome","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3169070"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"25 mm","die_axis":"11 h","weight":"12.37 g","accession":"","access_year":"","provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":null,"avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG","image_description":"B\u00fcste des Philippus I. nach r., mit Lorbeerkranz, Brustpanzer und Feldherrenmantel.","foto_date":"2018-03-02","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"2","photographer_name":"Lucas Hafner","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1579433979,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Mainz, Historisches Seminar, Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t, ID706. Aufnahme durch Lucas Hafner.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Mainz, Historisches Seminar, Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t, ID706. Photographs by Lucas Hafner."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"SAECVLARES AVGG","image_description":"S\u00e4ule mit der Inschrift COS III. Im Feld S - C.","foto_date":"2018-03-02","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"2","photographer_name":"Lucas Hafner","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/image\/ID706\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1579434010,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Mainz, Historisches Seminar, Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t, ID706. Aufnahme durch Lucas Hafner.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Mainz, Historisches Seminar, Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t, ID706. Photographs by Lucas Hafner."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"3","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Imperial period"},"literatur":"RIC IV.3 Philippus I 162b, S. 89.","comment":"","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"4","period_name":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","period_description":"30 v. - 283 n. Chr.","period_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/periode\/4"},"year_start":"248","year_end":"248","date_verbal":"248 n. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":52,"souce":"RIC IV-3 Philippus I","number":"0162b","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"691":"http:\/\/numismatics.org\/ocre\/id\/ric.4.ph_i.162B"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/herstellungtyp\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"54":{"ikmk_type_id":"54","type_name_de":"Dargestellte\/r","type_name_en":"Sitter","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/portrait","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300189844","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/54","items":{"1304":{"ikmk_person_id":"1304","title":null,"first_name":null,"last_name":"Philippus I.","person_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/11874223X","person_viaf_id":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/67260910","vitalDates":"um 204-249 n. Chr.","person_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/philip_the_arab","person_wikipedia_de_id":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippus_Arabs","person_wikipedia_en_id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philip_the_Arab","corporation":"0","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1304"}}},"57":{"ikmk_type_id":"57","type_name_de":"M\u00fcnzherr","type_name_en":"Authority","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/authority","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051614252","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/57","items":{"1304":{"ikmk_person_id":"1304","title":null,"first_name":null,"last_name":"Philippus I.","person_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/11874223X","person_viaf_id":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/67260910","vitalDates":"um 204-249 n. Chr.","person_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/philip_the_arab","person_wikipedia_de_id":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippus_Arabs","person_wikipedia_en_id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philip_the_Arab","corporation":"0","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1304"}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"1","keyword":"Antike","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068754-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055818"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"53","keyword":"Architektur","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4002851-3","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300263552"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"71","keyword":"Bronze \/ Kupfer","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4146667-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ae"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"22","keyword":"Italien","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4027833-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/tgn\/1000080"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"31","keyword":"M\u00fcnzstand: Antike Herrscher","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"43","keyword":"Portr\u00e4ts","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4006627-7","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300015637"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"7","keyword":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit, 1. Jh. v. Chr.-3. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7512142-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"45","timeline_item":"Die Krise des 3. Jahrhunderts n. Chr.","description":"Mit dem Ende der Severischen Kaiserfamilie (193\u2013235 n. Chr.) wurden zahlreiche Probleme des r\u00f6mischen Reiches offensichtlich. Barbarische St\u00e4mme bedrohten die Grenzgebiete, das dort stationierte Heer rief in schneller Folge einzelne Befehlshaber zu Kaisern aus. Die Zentrale in Rom verlor zunehmend und immer h\u00e4ufiger die Kontrolle \u00fcber einzelne Provinzen: Die Epoche der sogenannten Soldatenkaiser hatte begonnen. Diese krisenhafte Situation wurde ab der Mitte des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. besonders augenscheinlich. Valerianus I. (reg. ab 254) geriet 260 n. Chr. als erster r\u00f6mischer Kaiser in Gefangenschaft, sein Sohn Gallienus hatte mit zahlreichen Usurpatoren und Abspaltungen zu k\u00e4mpfen. In diese Zeit f\u00e4llt aber nicht nur der H\u00f6hepunkt der Geldentwertung als ein Kennzeichen der andauernden wirtschaftlichen Krise, sondern auch erste Ans\u00e4tze von Reformversuchen des Milit\u00e4rs, der Verwaltung und des Finanzwesens durch Gallienus und seine Nachfolger. Wirklicher Erfolg sollte aber erst den umfangreichen Ma\u00dfnahmen des Diocletianus (reg. 284\u2013305 n. Chr.) verg\u00f6nnt sein.","year_from":"235","year_until":"283","autor":"Dahmen, Karsten"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}