{"ikmk_id":"1102","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Justinianus I.","inventory_number":"871","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/numid.uni-mainz.de\/object?id=ID1102","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":65,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/65","publisher_name":"Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-113428","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-113428","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-113428\/ID1102","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.instag.geschichte.uni-mainz.de\/","author":"Lerner, Maya"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"65","owner_name":"Mainz, Historisches Seminar, Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-113428","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-113428","owner_www_address":"http:\/\/www.sammlungen.uni-mainz.de\/38.php","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/uni_mainz","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/65","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"1112","nominal_de":"Solidus","nominal_en":"Solidus","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/solidus","nominal_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4813593-8","info_de":"Sp\u00e4tantike Goldm\u00fcnze (eigentlich aureus solidus, \u201evollkommene\u201c, \u201emassive\u201c Goldm\u00fcnze). Durch Constantinus I. 309 n. Chr. zun\u00e4chst in Trier eingef\u00fchrte Hauptm\u00fcnze der Sp\u00e4tantike und des byzantinischen Mittelalters (dort als chrysion Nomisma bezeichnet). Ab 324 n. Chr. das alleinige volle Goldnominal im R\u00f6mischen Reich. Bei gleich bleibender Feinheit im Gewicht von 1\/72 des Pfundes oder 4 scripulae gepr\u00e4gt (also ca. 4,55 g). Entsprach 24 Siliquen. Im 6. Jh. wurden sowohl schwere Solidi (zu 24 Siliquen) als auch leichte (zu 22 bzw. 21 Siliquen) ausgegeben. Vom Solidus wurden auch Mehrfachst\u00fccke (siehe Multipla) und Teilst\u00fccke (siehe Semis\/Semissis und Triens\/Tremissis) hergestellt. Die sprachliche Unterscheidung von Solidus und Aureus ist eine moderne. Auch die Goldst\u00fccke entsprechenden Gewichts des fr\u00fchen Mittelalters werden als Solidi bezeichnet. In Byzanz l\u00f6ste 1093 das Hyperpyron den Solidus nach \u00fcber 700 Jahren ab.\r\n\r\nLit.: F. von Schr\u00f6tter, W\u00f6rterbuch der M\u00fcnzkunde (1930) 642 f. s. v. Solidus.","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/nominal\/1112"},"date_last":"2024-05-30 15:13:49","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"75","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/75","country_name_de":"T\u00fcrkei","country_name_en":"Turkey","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/298795","ikmk_region_id":"392","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/392","region_name":"Kleinasien","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/asia_minor","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"898","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/898","mint_name":"Konstantinopolis","mint_name_de":"Konstantinopolis","mint_name_en":"Constantinople","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/constantinople","mint_geoname_id":""}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"3","material_name_de":"Gold","material_name_en":"Gold","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/av","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/3"},"diameter":"20 mm","die_axis":"12 h","weight":"4.38 g","accession":"","access_year":"","provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":null,"avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"D N IVSTINI-ANVS P P AVG","image_description":"B\u00fcste frontal, mit Helm und Helmbusch, Diadem und Panzer. 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Aufnahme durch Lucas Hafner.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Mainz, Historisches Seminar, Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t, ID1102. Photographs by Lucas Hafner."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"15","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Sp\u00e4tantike","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Late Antiquity"},"literatur":"MIB I, 7 (Iustinianus I.).","comment":"","year_start":"542","year_end":"552","date_verbal":"542-552 n. 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Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4124227-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020666"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"37","timeline_item":"M\u00fcnzreformen - Anastasius und Justinianus","description":"Kaiser Anastasius (491-518) agierte politisch eher unauff\u00e4llig, war aber als Finanzminister ein wahres Genie. Seine 498 vorgenommene M\u00fcnzreform ist zugleich der Beginn der byzantinischen M\u00fcnzgeschichte. W\u00e4hrend an Gold (Solidus, Semissis, Triens) und Silber (Miliarense) nur geringf\u00fcgige Ver\u00e4nderungen vorgenommen wurden, ist die Kupferpr\u00e4gung durch die Einf\u00fchrung eines gestaffelten Systems von 40, 20, 10 und 5 Nummi v\u00f6llig neu geordnet worden. Kaiser Justinianus I. (527-565) hat die Reformen seines Vorg\u00e4ngers weitergef\u00fchrt.","year_from":"491","year_until":"565","autor":"Kluge, Bernd"},{"ikmk_timeline_id":"40","timeline_item":"Dollars des Mittelalters - Byzantinische Solidi","description":"Fundament der byzantinischen W\u00e4hrung war der goldene Solidus (griechisch Nomisma), dessen auf Kaiser Konstantin zur\u00fcckgehender Standard von 1\/72 Pfund (= 4,55 g) bis in das 11. Jh. hinein im wesentlichen gehalten wurde. Diese au\u00dferordentliche Stabilit\u00e4t hat den Byzantinischen Solidus zu einer Art Weltw\u00e4hrung der damaligen Zeit werden lassen. Erst im 11. Jh. kam es zu einer Gewichtsverminderung und der Aufspaltung in einen schwereren (Nomisma Histamenom) und einen leichteren Solidus (Nomisma Tetarteron), und 1092 ist der Stolz der byzantinischen W\u00e4hrung mit einer M\u00fcnzreform abgel\u00f6st und durch eine leichtere Goldm\u00fcnze (Hyperperon) ersetzt worden. Halbe Solidi (Semisses) und Drittelsolidi (Trienten) spielten bis ins 8. Jh. eine Rolle, danach nicht mehr. Seit dem 9. Jh. ist das Christusbild st\u00e4ndiges Motiv der byzantinischen Goldm\u00fcnzen.","year_from":"500","year_until":"1100","autor":"Kluge, Bernd"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}